Fixes https://github.com/google/protobuf/issues/1933

Add a new test that forces strings into two different implementations from the
NSString class cluster to help confirm we're exercising both paths by which
CodedOutputStream will extract data from an NSString.

Move the old +load test (that was flawed because the behavior really depends on
the type of string from the NSString class cluster); into a unittest that
targets the specific case we're adding a behavior confirmation on.

As a bonus, improve the TextFormat generation of string characters < 0x20.