Add implementations of open(2), mkdir(2), stat(2),
etc. that support long paths under Windows (paths
longer than MAX_PATH in <windows.h>, which is 260
characters).

The implementations are in a separate namespace
(google::protobuf::internal::win32), so they won't
collide with the standard implementations in
<io.h>, but after importing them with `using` they
can be drop-in replacements.

Fixes https://github.com/bazelbuild/bazel/issues/2634
Fixes https://github.com/google/protobuf/issues/2891