// Protocol Buffers - Google's data interchange format
// Copyright 2008 Google Inc.  All rights reserved.
// https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

package com.google.protobuf.util;

import com.google.protobuf.Any;
import com.google.protobuf.BoolValue;
import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
import com.google.protobuf.BytesValue;
import com.google.protobuf.DoubleValue;
import com.google.protobuf.FloatValue;
import com.google.protobuf.Int32Value;
import com.google.protobuf.Int64Value;
import com.google.protobuf.InvalidProtocolBufferException;
import com.google.protobuf.ListValue;
import com.google.protobuf.Message;
import com.google.protobuf.StringValue;
import com.google.protobuf.Struct;
import com.google.protobuf.UInt32Value;
import com.google.protobuf.UInt64Value;
import com.google.protobuf.Value;
import com.google.protobuf.util.JsonFormat.TypeRegistry;
import com.google.protobuf.util.JsonTestProto.TestAllTypes;
import com.google.protobuf.util.JsonTestProto.TestAllTypes.NestedEnum;
import com.google.protobuf.util.JsonTestProto.TestAllTypes.NestedMessage;
import com.google.protobuf.util.JsonTestProto.TestAny;
import com.google.protobuf.util.JsonTestProto.TestDuration;
import com.google.protobuf.util.JsonTestProto.TestFieldMask;
import com.google.protobuf.util.JsonTestProto.TestMap;
import com.google.protobuf.util.JsonTestProto.TestStruct;
import com.google.protobuf.util.JsonTestProto.TestTimestamp;
import com.google.protobuf.util.JsonTestProto.TestWrappers;

import junit.framework.TestCase;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.math.BigInteger;

public class JsonFormatTest extends TestCase {
  private void setAllFields(TestAllTypes.Builder builder) {
    builder.setOptionalInt32(1234);
    builder.setOptionalInt64(1234567890123456789L);
    builder.setOptionalUint32(5678);
    builder.setOptionalUint64(2345678901234567890L);
    builder.setOptionalSint32(9012);
    builder.setOptionalSint64(3456789012345678901L);
    builder.setOptionalFixed32(3456);
    builder.setOptionalFixed64(4567890123456789012L);
    builder.setOptionalSfixed32(7890);
    builder.setOptionalSfixed64(5678901234567890123L);
    builder.setOptionalFloat(1.5f);
    builder.setOptionalDouble(1.25);
    builder.setOptionalBool(true);
    builder.setOptionalString("Hello world!");
    builder.setOptionalBytes(ByteString.copyFrom(new byte[]{0, 1, 2}));
    builder.setOptionalNestedEnum(NestedEnum.BAR);
    builder.getOptionalNestedMessageBuilder().setValue(100);

    builder.addRepeatedInt32(1234);
    builder.addRepeatedInt64(1234567890123456789L);
    builder.addRepeatedUint32(5678);
    builder.addRepeatedUint64(2345678901234567890L);
    builder.addRepeatedSint32(9012);
    builder.addRepeatedSint64(3456789012345678901L);
    builder.addRepeatedFixed32(3456);
    builder.addRepeatedFixed64(4567890123456789012L);
    builder.addRepeatedSfixed32(7890);
    builder.addRepeatedSfixed64(5678901234567890123L);
    builder.addRepeatedFloat(1.5f);
    builder.addRepeatedDouble(1.25);
    builder.addRepeatedBool(true);
    builder.addRepeatedString("Hello world!");
    builder.addRepeatedBytes(ByteString.copyFrom(new byte[]{0, 1, 2}));
    builder.addRepeatedNestedEnum(NestedEnum.BAR);
    builder.addRepeatedNestedMessageBuilder().setValue(100);

    builder.addRepeatedInt32(234);
    builder.addRepeatedInt64(234567890123456789L);
    builder.addRepeatedUint32(678);
    builder.addRepeatedUint64(345678901234567890L);
    builder.addRepeatedSint32(012);
    builder.addRepeatedSint64(456789012345678901L);
    builder.addRepeatedFixed32(456);
    builder.addRepeatedFixed64(567890123456789012L);
    builder.addRepeatedSfixed32(890);
    builder.addRepeatedSfixed64(678901234567890123L);
    builder.addRepeatedFloat(11.5f);
    builder.addRepeatedDouble(11.25);
    builder.addRepeatedBool(true);
    builder.addRepeatedString("ello world!");
    builder.addRepeatedBytes(ByteString.copyFrom(new byte[]{1, 2}));
    builder.addRepeatedNestedEnum(NestedEnum.BAZ);
    builder.addRepeatedNestedMessageBuilder().setValue(200);
  }
  
  private void assertRoundTripEquals(Message message) throws Exception {
    assertRoundTripEquals(message, TypeRegistry.getEmptyTypeRegistry());
  }
  
  private void assertRoundTripEquals(Message message, TypeRegistry registry) throws Exception {
    JsonFormat.Printer printer = JsonFormat.printer().usingTypeRegistry(registry);
    JsonFormat.Parser parser = JsonFormat.parser().usingTypeRegistry(registry);
    Message.Builder builder = message.newBuilderForType();
    parser.merge(printer.print(message), builder);
    Message parsedMessage = builder.build();
    assertEquals(message.toString(), parsedMessage.toString());
  }
  
  private String toJsonString(Message message) throws IOException {
    return JsonFormat.printer().print(message);
  }
  
  private void mergeFromJson(String json, Message.Builder builder) throws IOException {
    JsonFormat.parser().merge(json, builder);
  }
  
  public void testAllFields() throws Exception {
    TestAllTypes.Builder builder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
    setAllFields(builder);
    TestAllTypes message = builder.build();
    
    assertEquals(        
        "{\n"
        + "  \"optionalInt32\": 1234,\n"
        + "  \"optionalInt64\": \"1234567890123456789\",\n"
        + "  \"optionalUint32\": 5678,\n"
        + "  \"optionalUint64\": \"2345678901234567890\",\n"
        + "  \"optionalSint32\": 9012,\n"
        + "  \"optionalSint64\": \"3456789012345678901\",\n"
        + "  \"optionalFixed32\": 3456,\n"
        + "  \"optionalFixed64\": \"4567890123456789012\",\n"
        + "  \"optionalSfixed32\": 7890,\n"
        + "  \"optionalSfixed64\": \"5678901234567890123\",\n"
        + "  \"optionalFloat\": 1.5,\n"
        + "  \"optionalDouble\": 1.25,\n"
        + "  \"optionalBool\": true,\n"
        + "  \"optionalString\": \"Hello world!\",\n"
        + "  \"optionalBytes\": \"AAEC\",\n"
        + "  \"optionalNestedMessage\": {\n"
        + "    \"value\": 100\n"
        + "  },\n"
        + "  \"optionalNestedEnum\": \"BAR\",\n"
        + "  \"repeatedInt32\": [1234, 234],\n"
        + "  \"repeatedInt64\": [\"1234567890123456789\", \"234567890123456789\"],\n"
        + "  \"repeatedUint32\": [5678, 678],\n"
        + "  \"repeatedUint64\": [\"2345678901234567890\", \"345678901234567890\"],\n"
        + "  \"repeatedSint32\": [9012, 10],\n"
        + "  \"repeatedSint64\": [\"3456789012345678901\", \"456789012345678901\"],\n"
        + "  \"repeatedFixed32\": [3456, 456],\n"
        + "  \"repeatedFixed64\": [\"4567890123456789012\", \"567890123456789012\"],\n"
        + "  \"repeatedSfixed32\": [7890, 890],\n"
        + "  \"repeatedSfixed64\": [\"5678901234567890123\", \"678901234567890123\"],\n"
        + "  \"repeatedFloat\": [1.5, 11.5],\n"
        + "  \"repeatedDouble\": [1.25, 11.25],\n"
        + "  \"repeatedBool\": [true, true],\n"
        + "  \"repeatedString\": [\"Hello world!\", \"ello world!\"],\n"
        + "  \"repeatedBytes\": [\"AAEC\", \"AQI=\"],\n"
        + "  \"repeatedNestedMessage\": [{\n"
        + "    \"value\": 100\n"
        + "  }, {\n"
        + "    \"value\": 200\n"
        + "  }],\n"
        + "  \"repeatedNestedEnum\": [\"BAR\", \"BAZ\"]\n"
        + "}",
        toJsonString(message));
    
    assertRoundTripEquals(message);
  }
  
  public void testUnknownEnumValues() throws Exception {
    // Unknown enum values will be dropped.
    // TODO(xiaofeng): We may want to revisit this (whether we should omit
    // unknown enum values).
    TestAllTypes message = TestAllTypes.newBuilder()
        .setOptionalNestedEnumValue(12345)
        .addRepeatedNestedEnumValue(12345)
        .addRepeatedNestedEnumValue(0)
        .build();
    assertEquals(
        "{\n"
        + "  \"repeatedNestedEnum\": [\"FOO\"]\n"
        + "}", toJsonString(message));
    
    TestMap.Builder mapBuilder = TestMap.newBuilder();
    mapBuilder.getMutableInt32ToEnumMapValue().put(1, 0);
    mapBuilder.getMutableInt32ToEnumMapValue().put(2, 12345);
    TestMap mapMessage = mapBuilder.build();
    assertEquals(
        "{\n" 
        + "  \"int32ToEnumMap\": {\n" 
        + "    \"1\": \"FOO\"\n" 
        + "  }\n" 
        + "}", toJsonString(mapMessage));
  }
  
  public void testSpecialFloatValues() throws Exception {
    TestAllTypes message = TestAllTypes.newBuilder()
        .addRepeatedFloat(Float.NaN)
        .addRepeatedFloat(Float.POSITIVE_INFINITY)
        .addRepeatedFloat(Float.NEGATIVE_INFINITY)
        .addRepeatedDouble(Double.NaN)
        .addRepeatedDouble(Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY)
        .addRepeatedDouble(Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY)
        .build();
    assertEquals(
        "{\n"
        + "  \"repeatedFloat\": [\"NaN\", \"Infinity\", \"-Infinity\"],\n"
        + "  \"repeatedDouble\": [\"NaN\", \"Infinity\", \"-Infinity\"]\n"
        + "}", toJsonString(message));
    
    assertRoundTripEquals(message);
  }
  
  public void testParserAcceptStringForNumbericField() throws Exception {
    TestAllTypes.Builder builder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
    mergeFromJson(
        "{\n"
        + "  \"optionalInt32\": \"1234\",\n"
        + "  \"optionalUint32\": \"5678\",\n"
        + "  \"optionalSint32\": \"9012\",\n"
        + "  \"optionalFixed32\": \"3456\",\n"
        + "  \"optionalSfixed32\": \"7890\",\n"
        + "  \"optionalFloat\": \"1.5\",\n"
        + "  \"optionalDouble\": \"1.25\",\n"
        + "  \"optionalBool\": \"true\"\n"
        + "}", builder);
    TestAllTypes message = builder.build();
    assertEquals(1234, message.getOptionalInt32());
    assertEquals(5678, message.getOptionalUint32());
    assertEquals(9012, message.getOptionalSint32());
    assertEquals(3456, message.getOptionalFixed32());
    assertEquals(7890, message.getOptionalSfixed32());
    assertEquals(1.5f, message.getOptionalFloat());
    assertEquals(1.25, message.getOptionalDouble());
    assertEquals(true, message.getOptionalBool());
  }
  
  private void assertRejects(String name, String value) {
    TestAllTypes.Builder builder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
    try {
      // Numeric form is rejected.
      mergeFromJson("{\"" + name + "\":" + value + "}", builder);
      fail("Exception is expected.");
    } catch (IOException e) {
      // Expected.
    }
    try {
      // String form is also rejected.
      mergeFromJson("{\"" + name + "\":\"" + value + "\"}", builder);
      fail("Exception is expected.");
    } catch (IOException e) {
      // Expected.
    }
  }
  
  private void assertAccepts(String name, String value) throws IOException {
    TestAllTypes.Builder builder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
    // Both numeric form and string form are accepted.
    mergeFromJson("{\"" + name + "\":" + value + "}", builder);
    mergeFromJson("{\"" + name + "\":\"" + value + "\"}", builder);
  }
  
  public void testParserRejectOutOfRangeNumericValues() throws Exception {
    assertAccepts("optionalInt32", String.valueOf(Integer.MAX_VALUE));
    assertAccepts("optionalInt32", String.valueOf(Integer.MIN_VALUE));
    assertRejects("optionalInt32", String.valueOf(Integer.MAX_VALUE + 1L));
    assertRejects("optionalInt32", String.valueOf(Integer.MIN_VALUE - 1L));
    
    assertAccepts("optionalUint32", String.valueOf(Integer.MAX_VALUE + 1L));
    assertRejects("optionalUint32", "123456789012345");
    assertRejects("optionalUint32", "-1");
    
    BigInteger one = new BigInteger("1");
    BigInteger maxLong = new BigInteger(String.valueOf(Long.MAX_VALUE));
    BigInteger minLong = new BigInteger(String.valueOf(Long.MIN_VALUE));
    assertAccepts("optionalInt64", maxLong.toString());
    assertAccepts("optionalInt64", minLong.toString());
    assertRejects("optionalInt64", maxLong.add(one).toString());
    assertRejects("optionalInt64", minLong.subtract(one).toString());

    assertAccepts("optionalUint64", maxLong.add(one).toString());
    assertRejects("optionalUint64", "1234567890123456789012345");
    assertRejects("optionalUint64", "-1");

    assertAccepts("optionalBool", "true");
    assertRejects("optionalBool", "1");
    assertRejects("optionalBool", "0");

    assertAccepts("optionalFloat", String.valueOf(Float.MAX_VALUE));
    assertAccepts("optionalFloat", String.valueOf(-Float.MAX_VALUE));
    assertRejects("optionalFloat", String.valueOf(Double.MAX_VALUE));
    assertRejects("optionalFloat", String.valueOf(-Double.MAX_VALUE));
    
    BigDecimal moreThanOne = new BigDecimal("1.000001");
    BigDecimal maxDouble = new BigDecimal(Double.MAX_VALUE);
    BigDecimal minDouble = new BigDecimal(-Double.MAX_VALUE);
    assertAccepts("optionalDouble", maxDouble.toString());
    assertAccepts("optionalDouble", minDouble.toString());
    assertRejects("optionalDouble", maxDouble.multiply(moreThanOne).toString());
    assertRejects("optionalDouble", minDouble.multiply(moreThanOne).toString());
  }
  
  public void testParserAcceptNull() throws Exception {
    TestAllTypes.Builder builder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
    mergeFromJson(
        "{\n"
        + "  \"optionalInt32\": null,\n"
        + "  \"optionalInt64\": null,\n"
        + "  \"optionalUint32\": null,\n"
        + "  \"optionalUint64\": null,\n"
        + "  \"optionalSint32\": null,\n"
        + "  \"optionalSint64\": null,\n"
        + "  \"optionalFixed32\": null,\n"
        + "  \"optionalFixed64\": null,\n"
        + "  \"optionalSfixed32\": null,\n"
        + "  \"optionalSfixed64\": null,\n"
        + "  \"optionalFloat\": null,\n"
        + "  \"optionalDouble\": null,\n"
        + "  \"optionalBool\": null,\n"
        + "  \"optionalString\": null,\n"
        + "  \"optionalBytes\": null,\n"
        + "  \"optionalNestedMessage\": null,\n"
        + "  \"optionalNestedEnum\": null,\n"
        + "  \"repeatedInt32\": null,\n"
        + "  \"repeatedInt64\": null,\n"
        + "  \"repeatedUint32\": null,\n"
        + "  \"repeatedUint64\": null,\n"
        + "  \"repeatedSint32\": null,\n"
        + "  \"repeatedSint64\": null,\n"
        + "  \"repeatedFixed32\": null,\n"
        + "  \"repeatedFixed64\": null,\n"
        + "  \"repeatedSfixed32\": null,\n"
        + "  \"repeatedSfixed64\": null,\n"
        + "  \"repeatedFloat\": null,\n"
        + "  \"repeatedDouble\": null,\n"
        + "  \"repeatedBool\": null,\n"
        + "  \"repeatedString\": null,\n"
        + "  \"repeatedBytes\": null,\n"
        + "  \"repeatedNestedMessage\": null,\n"
        + "  \"repeatedNestedEnum\": null\n"
        + "}", builder);
    TestAllTypes message = builder.build();
    assertEquals(TestAllTypes.getDefaultInstance(), message);
    
    // Repeated field elements can also be null.
    builder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
    mergeFromJson(
        "{\n"
        + "  \"repeatedInt32\": [null, null],\n"
        + "  \"repeatedInt64\": [null, null],\n"
        + "  \"repeatedUint32\": [null, null],\n"
        + "  \"repeatedUint64\": [null, null],\n"
        + "  \"repeatedSint32\": [null, null],\n"
        + "  \"repeatedSint64\": [null, null],\n"
        + "  \"repeatedFixed32\": [null, null],\n"
        + "  \"repeatedFixed64\": [null, null],\n"
        + "  \"repeatedSfixed32\": [null, null],\n"
        + "  \"repeatedSfixed64\": [null, null],\n"
        + "  \"repeatedFloat\": [null, null],\n"
        + "  \"repeatedDouble\": [null, null],\n"
        + "  \"repeatedBool\": [null, null],\n"
        + "  \"repeatedString\": [null, null],\n"
        + "  \"repeatedBytes\": [null, null],\n"
        + "  \"repeatedNestedMessage\": [null, null],\n"
        + "  \"repeatedNestedEnum\": [null, null]\n"
        + "}", builder);
    message = builder.build();
    // "null" elements will be parsed to default values.
    assertEquals(2, message.getRepeatedInt32Count());
    assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedInt32(0));
    assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedInt32(1));
    assertEquals(2, message.getRepeatedInt32Count());
    assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedInt32(0));
    assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedInt32(1));
    assertEquals(2, message.getRepeatedInt64Count());
    assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedInt64(0));
    assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedInt64(1));
    assertEquals(2, message.getRepeatedUint32Count());
    assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedUint32(0));
    assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedUint32(1));
    assertEquals(2, message.getRepeatedUint64Count());
    assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedUint64(0));
    assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedUint64(1));
    assertEquals(2, message.getRepeatedSint32Count());
    assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedSint32(0));
    assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedSint32(1));
    assertEquals(2, message.getRepeatedSint64Count());
    assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedSint64(0));
    assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedSint64(1));
    assertEquals(2, message.getRepeatedFixed32Count());
    assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedFixed32(0));
    assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedFixed32(1));
    assertEquals(2, message.getRepeatedFixed64Count());
    assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedFixed64(0));
    assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedFixed64(1));
    assertEquals(2, message.getRepeatedSfixed32Count());
    assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedSfixed32(0));
    assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedSfixed32(1));
    assertEquals(2, message.getRepeatedSfixed64Count());
    assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedSfixed64(0));
    assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedSfixed64(1));
    assertEquals(2, message.getRepeatedFloatCount());
    assertEquals(0f, message.getRepeatedFloat(0));
    assertEquals(0f, message.getRepeatedFloat(1));
    assertEquals(2, message.getRepeatedDoubleCount());
    assertEquals(0.0, message.getRepeatedDouble(0));
    assertEquals(0.0, message.getRepeatedDouble(1));
    assertEquals(2, message.getRepeatedBoolCount());
    assertFalse(message.getRepeatedBool(0));
    assertFalse(message.getRepeatedBool(1));
    assertEquals(2, message.getRepeatedStringCount());
    assertTrue(message.getRepeatedString(0).isEmpty());
    assertTrue(message.getRepeatedString(1).isEmpty());
    assertEquals(2, message.getRepeatedBytesCount());
    assertTrue(message.getRepeatedBytes(0).isEmpty());
    assertTrue(message.getRepeatedBytes(1).isEmpty());
    assertEquals(2, message.getRepeatedNestedMessageCount());
    assertEquals(NestedMessage.getDefaultInstance(), message.getRepeatedNestedMessage(0));
    assertEquals(NestedMessage.getDefaultInstance(), message.getRepeatedNestedMessage(1));
    assertEquals(2, message.getRepeatedNestedEnumCount());
    assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedNestedEnumValue(0));
    assertEquals(0, message.getRepeatedNestedEnumValue(1));
  }
  
  public void testMapFields() throws Exception {
    TestMap.Builder builder = TestMap.newBuilder();
    builder.getMutableInt32ToInt32Map().put(1, 10);
    builder.getMutableInt64ToInt32Map().put(1234567890123456789L, 10);
    builder.getMutableUint32ToInt32Map().put(2, 20);
    builder.getMutableUint64ToInt32Map().put(2234567890123456789L, 20);
    builder.getMutableSint32ToInt32Map().put(3, 30);
    builder.getMutableSint64ToInt32Map().put(3234567890123456789L, 30);
    builder.getMutableFixed32ToInt32Map().put(4, 40);
    builder.getMutableFixed64ToInt32Map().put(4234567890123456789L, 40);
    builder.getMutableSfixed32ToInt32Map().put(5, 50);
    builder.getMutableSfixed64ToInt32Map().put(5234567890123456789L, 50);
    builder.getMutableBoolToInt32Map().put(false, 6);
    builder.getMutableStringToInt32Map().put("Hello", 10);

    builder.getMutableInt32ToInt64Map().put(1, 1234567890123456789L);
    builder.getMutableInt32ToUint32Map().put(2, 20);
    builder.getMutableInt32ToUint64Map().put(2, 2234567890123456789L);
    builder.getMutableInt32ToSint32Map().put(3, 30);
    builder.getMutableInt32ToSint64Map().put(3, 3234567890123456789L);
    builder.getMutableInt32ToFixed32Map().put(4, 40);
    builder.getMutableInt32ToFixed64Map().put(4, 4234567890123456789L);
    builder.getMutableInt32ToSfixed32Map().put(5, 50);
    builder.getMutableInt32ToSfixed64Map().put(5, 5234567890123456789L);
    builder.getMutableInt32ToFloatMap().put(6, 1.5f);
    builder.getMutableInt32ToDoubleMap().put(6, 1.25);
    builder.getMutableInt32ToBoolMap().put(7, false);
    builder.getMutableInt32ToStringMap().put(7, "World");
    builder.getMutableInt32ToBytesMap().put(
        8, ByteString.copyFrom(new byte[]{1, 2, 3}));
    builder.getMutableInt32ToMessageMap().put(
        8, NestedMessage.newBuilder().setValue(1234).build());
    builder.getMutableInt32ToEnumMap().put(9, NestedEnum.BAR);
    TestMap message = builder.build();
    
    assertEquals(
        "{\n"
        + "  \"int32ToInt32Map\": {\n"
        + "    \"1\": 10\n"
        + "  },\n"
        + "  \"int64ToInt32Map\": {\n"
        + "    \"1234567890123456789\": 10\n"
        + "  },\n"
        + "  \"uint32ToInt32Map\": {\n"
        + "    \"2\": 20\n"
        + "  },\n"
        + "  \"uint64ToInt32Map\": {\n"
        + "    \"2234567890123456789\": 20\n"
        + "  },\n"
        + "  \"sint32ToInt32Map\": {\n"
        + "    \"3\": 30\n"
        + "  },\n"
        + "  \"sint64ToInt32Map\": {\n"
        + "    \"3234567890123456789\": 30\n"
        + "  },\n"
        + "  \"fixed32ToInt32Map\": {\n"
        + "    \"4\": 40\n"
        + "  },\n"
        + "  \"fixed64ToInt32Map\": {\n"
        + "    \"4234567890123456789\": 40\n"
        + "  },\n"
        + "  \"sfixed32ToInt32Map\": {\n"
        + "    \"5\": 50\n"
        + "  },\n"
        + "  \"sfixed64ToInt32Map\": {\n"
        + "    \"5234567890123456789\": 50\n"
        + "  },\n"
        + "  \"boolToInt32Map\": {\n"
        + "    \"false\": 6\n"
        + "  },\n"
        + "  \"stringToInt32Map\": {\n"
        + "    \"Hello\": 10\n"
        + "  },\n"
        + "  \"int32ToInt64Map\": {\n"
        + "    \"1\": \"1234567890123456789\"\n"
        + "  },\n"
        + "  \"int32ToUint32Map\": {\n"
        + "    \"2\": 20\n"
        + "  },\n"
        + "  \"int32ToUint64Map\": {\n"
        + "    \"2\": \"2234567890123456789\"\n"
        + "  },\n"
        + "  \"int32ToSint32Map\": {\n"
        + "    \"3\": 30\n"
        + "  },\n"
        + "  \"int32ToSint64Map\": {\n"
        + "    \"3\": \"3234567890123456789\"\n"
        + "  },\n"
        + "  \"int32ToFixed32Map\": {\n"
        + "    \"4\": 40\n"
        + "  },\n"
        + "  \"int32ToFixed64Map\": {\n"
        + "    \"4\": \"4234567890123456789\"\n"
        + "  },\n"
        + "  \"int32ToSfixed32Map\": {\n"
        + "    \"5\": 50\n"
        + "  },\n"
        + "  \"int32ToSfixed64Map\": {\n"
        + "    \"5\": \"5234567890123456789\"\n"
        + "  },\n"
        + "  \"int32ToFloatMap\": {\n"
        + "    \"6\": 1.5\n"
        + "  },\n"
        + "  \"int32ToDoubleMap\": {\n"
        + "    \"6\": 1.25\n"
        + "  },\n"
        + "  \"int32ToBoolMap\": {\n"
        + "    \"7\": false\n"
        + "  },\n"
        + "  \"int32ToStringMap\": {\n"
        + "    \"7\": \"World\"\n"
        + "  },\n"
        + "  \"int32ToBytesMap\": {\n"
        + "    \"8\": \"AQID\"\n"
        + "  },\n"
        + "  \"int32ToMessageMap\": {\n"
        + "    \"8\": {\n"
        + "      \"value\": 1234\n"
        + "    }\n"
        + "  },\n"
        + "  \"int32ToEnumMap\": {\n"
        + "    \"9\": \"BAR\"\n"
        + "  }\n"
        + "}", toJsonString(message));
    assertRoundTripEquals(message);
    
    // Test multiple entries.
    builder = TestMap.newBuilder();
    builder.getMutableInt32ToInt32Map().put(1, 2);
    builder.getMutableInt32ToInt32Map().put(3, 4);
    message = builder.build();
    
    assertEquals(
        "{\n"
        + "  \"int32ToInt32Map\": {\n"
        + "    \"1\": 2,\n"
        + "    \"3\": 4\n"
        + "  }\n"
        + "}", toJsonString(message));
    assertRoundTripEquals(message);
  }
  
  public void testMapNullValueIsDefault() throws Exception {
    TestMap.Builder builder = TestMap.newBuilder();
    mergeFromJson(
        "{\n"
        + "  \"int32ToInt32Map\": {\"1\": null},\n"
        + "  \"int32ToMessageMap\": {\"2\": null}\n"
        + "}", builder);
    TestMap message = builder.build();
    assertTrue(message.getInt32ToInt32Map().containsKey(1));
    assertEquals(0, message.getInt32ToInt32Map().get(1).intValue());
    assertTrue(message.getInt32ToMessageMap().containsKey(2));
    assertEquals(0, message.getInt32ToMessageMap().get(2).getValue());
  }
  
  public void testParserAcceptNonQuotedObjectKey() throws Exception {
    TestMap.Builder builder = TestMap.newBuilder();
    mergeFromJson(
        "{\n"
        + "  int32ToInt32Map: {1: 2},\n"
        + "  stringToInt32Map: {hello: 3}\n"
        + "}", builder);
    TestMap message = builder.build();
    assertEquals(2, message.getInt32ToInt32Map().get(1).intValue());
    assertEquals(3, message.getStringToInt32Map().get("hello").intValue());
  }
  
  public void testWrappers() throws Exception {
    TestWrappers.Builder builder = TestWrappers.newBuilder();
    builder.getBoolValueBuilder().setValue(false);
    builder.getInt32ValueBuilder().setValue(0);
    builder.getInt64ValueBuilder().setValue(0);
    builder.getUint32ValueBuilder().setValue(0);
    builder.getUint64ValueBuilder().setValue(0);
    builder.getFloatValueBuilder().setValue(0.0f);
    builder.getDoubleValueBuilder().setValue(0.0);
    builder.getStringValueBuilder().setValue("");
    builder.getBytesValueBuilder().setValue(ByteString.EMPTY);
    TestWrappers message = builder.build();
    
    assertEquals(
        "{\n"
        + "  \"int32Value\": 0,\n"
        + "  \"uint32Value\": 0,\n"
        + "  \"int64Value\": \"0\",\n"
        + "  \"uint64Value\": \"0\",\n"
        + "  \"floatValue\": 0.0,\n"
        + "  \"doubleValue\": 0.0,\n"
        + "  \"boolValue\": false,\n"
        + "  \"stringValue\": \"\",\n"
        + "  \"bytesValue\": \"\"\n"
        + "}", toJsonString(message));
    assertRoundTripEquals(message);

    builder = TestWrappers.newBuilder();
    builder.getBoolValueBuilder().setValue(true);
    builder.getInt32ValueBuilder().setValue(1);
    builder.getInt64ValueBuilder().setValue(2);
    builder.getUint32ValueBuilder().setValue(3);
    builder.getUint64ValueBuilder().setValue(4);
    builder.getFloatValueBuilder().setValue(5.0f);
    builder.getDoubleValueBuilder().setValue(6.0);
    builder.getStringValueBuilder().setValue("7");
    builder.getBytesValueBuilder().setValue(ByteString.copyFrom(new byte[]{8}));
    message = builder.build();
    
    assertEquals(
        "{\n"
        + "  \"int32Value\": 1,\n"
        + "  \"uint32Value\": 3,\n"
        + "  \"int64Value\": \"2\",\n"
        + "  \"uint64Value\": \"4\",\n"
        + "  \"floatValue\": 5.0,\n"
        + "  \"doubleValue\": 6.0,\n"
        + "  \"boolValue\": true,\n"
        + "  \"stringValue\": \"7\",\n"
        + "  \"bytesValue\": \"CA==\"\n"
        + "}", toJsonString(message));
    assertRoundTripEquals(message);
  }
  
  public void testTimestamp() throws Exception {
    TestTimestamp message = TestTimestamp.newBuilder()
        .setTimestampValue(TimeUtil.parseTimestamp("1970-01-01T00:00:00Z"))
        .build();
    
    assertEquals(
        "{\n"
        + "  \"timestampValue\": \"1970-01-01T00:00:00Z\"\n"
        + "}", toJsonString(message));
    assertRoundTripEquals(message);
  }
  
  public void testDuration() throws Exception {
    TestDuration message = TestDuration.newBuilder()
        .setDurationValue(TimeUtil.parseDuration("12345s"))
        .build();
    
    assertEquals(
        "{\n"
        + "  \"durationValue\": \"12345s\"\n"
        + "}", toJsonString(message));
    assertRoundTripEquals(message);
  }
  
  public void testFieldMask() throws Exception {
    TestFieldMask message = TestFieldMask.newBuilder()
        .setFieldMaskValue(FieldMaskUtil.fromString("foo.bar,baz"))
        .build();
    
    assertEquals(
        "{\n"
        + "  \"fieldMaskValue\": \"foo.bar,baz\"\n"
        + "}", toJsonString(message));
    assertRoundTripEquals(message);
  }
  
  public void testStruct() throws Exception {
    // Build a struct with all possible values.
    TestStruct.Builder builder = TestStruct.newBuilder();
    Struct.Builder structBuilder = builder.getStructValueBuilder();
    structBuilder.getMutableFields().put(
        "null_value", Value.newBuilder().setNullValueValue(0).build());
    structBuilder.getMutableFields().put(
        "number_value", Value.newBuilder().setNumberValue(1.25).build());
    structBuilder.getMutableFields().put(
        "string_value", Value.newBuilder().setStringValue("hello").build());
    Struct.Builder subStructBuilder = Struct.newBuilder();
    subStructBuilder.getMutableFields().put(
        "number_value", Value.newBuilder().setNumberValue(1234).build());
    structBuilder.getMutableFields().put(
        "struct_value", Value.newBuilder().setStructValue(subStructBuilder.build()).build());
    ListValue.Builder listBuilder = ListValue.newBuilder();
    listBuilder.addValues(Value.newBuilder().setNumberValue(1.125).build());
    listBuilder.addValues(Value.newBuilder().setNullValueValue(0).build());
    structBuilder.getMutableFields().put(
        "list_value", Value.newBuilder().setListValue(listBuilder.build()).build());
    TestStruct message = builder.build();
    
    assertEquals(
        "{\n"
        + "  \"structValue\": {\n"
        + "    \"null_value\": null,\n"
        + "    \"number_value\": 1.25,\n"
        + "    \"string_value\": \"hello\",\n"
        + "    \"struct_value\": {\n"
        + "      \"number_value\": 1234.0\n"
        + "    },\n"
        + "    \"list_value\": [1.125, null]\n"
        + "  }\n"
        + "}", toJsonString(message));
    assertRoundTripEquals(message);
  }
  
  public void testAnyFields() throws Exception {
    TestAllTypes content = TestAllTypes.newBuilder().setOptionalInt32(1234).build();
    TestAny message = TestAny.newBuilder().setAnyValue(Any.pack(content)).build();
    
    // A TypeRegistry must be provided in order to convert Any types.
    try {
      toJsonString(message);
      fail("Exception is expected.");
    } catch (IOException e) {
      // Expected.
    }
    
    JsonFormat.TypeRegistry registry = JsonFormat.TypeRegistry.newBuilder()
        .add(TestAllTypes.getDescriptor()).build();
    JsonFormat.Printer printer = JsonFormat.printer().usingTypeRegistry(registry);
    
    assertEquals(
        "{\n"
        + "  \"anyValue\": {\n"
        + "    \"@type\": \"type.googleapis.com/json_test.TestAllTypes\",\n"
        + "    \"optionalInt32\": 1234\n"
        + "  }\n"
        + "}" , printer.print(message));
    assertRoundTripEquals(message, registry);
    
    
    // Well-known types have a special formatting when embedded in Any.
    //
    // 1. Any in Any.
    Any anyMessage = Any.pack(Any.pack(content));
    assertEquals(
        "{\n"
        + "  \"@type\": \"type.googleapis.com/google.protobuf.Any\",\n"
        + "  \"value\": {\n"
        + "    \"@type\": \"type.googleapis.com/json_test.TestAllTypes\",\n"
        + "    \"optionalInt32\": 1234\n"
        + "  }\n"
        + "}", printer.print(anyMessage));
    assertRoundTripEquals(anyMessage, registry);
    
    // 2. Wrappers in Any.
    anyMessage = Any.pack(Int32Value.newBuilder().setValue(12345).build());
    assertEquals(
        "{\n"
        + "  \"@type\": \"type.googleapis.com/google.protobuf.Int32Value\",\n"
        + "  \"value\": 12345\n"
        + "}", printer.print(anyMessage));
    assertRoundTripEquals(anyMessage, registry);
    anyMessage = Any.pack(UInt32Value.newBuilder().setValue(12345).build());
    assertEquals(
        "{\n"
        + "  \"@type\": \"type.googleapis.com/google.protobuf.UInt32Value\",\n"
        + "  \"value\": 12345\n"
        + "}", printer.print(anyMessage));
    assertRoundTripEquals(anyMessage, registry);
    anyMessage = Any.pack(Int64Value.newBuilder().setValue(12345).build());
    assertEquals(
        "{\n"
        + "  \"@type\": \"type.googleapis.com/google.protobuf.Int64Value\",\n"
        + "  \"value\": \"12345\"\n"
        + "}", printer.print(anyMessage));
    assertRoundTripEquals(anyMessage, registry);
    anyMessage = Any.pack(UInt64Value.newBuilder().setValue(12345).build());
    assertEquals(
        "{\n"
        + "  \"@type\": \"type.googleapis.com/google.protobuf.UInt64Value\",\n"
        + "  \"value\": \"12345\"\n"
        + "}", printer.print(anyMessage));
    assertRoundTripEquals(anyMessage, registry);
    anyMessage = Any.pack(FloatValue.newBuilder().setValue(12345).build());
    assertEquals(
        "{\n"
        + "  \"@type\": \"type.googleapis.com/google.protobuf.FloatValue\",\n"
        + "  \"value\": 12345.0\n"
        + "}", printer.print(anyMessage));
    assertRoundTripEquals(anyMessage, registry);
    anyMessage = Any.pack(DoubleValue.newBuilder().setValue(12345).build());
    assertEquals(
        "{\n"
        + "  \"@type\": \"type.googleapis.com/google.protobuf.DoubleValue\",\n"
        + "  \"value\": 12345.0\n"
        + "}", printer.print(anyMessage));
    assertRoundTripEquals(anyMessage, registry);
    anyMessage = Any.pack(BoolValue.newBuilder().setValue(true).build());
    assertEquals(
        "{\n"
        + "  \"@type\": \"type.googleapis.com/google.protobuf.BoolValue\",\n"
        + "  \"value\": true\n"
        + "}", printer.print(anyMessage));
    assertRoundTripEquals(anyMessage, registry);
    anyMessage = Any.pack(StringValue.newBuilder().setValue("Hello").build());
    assertEquals(
        "{\n"
        + "  \"@type\": \"type.googleapis.com/google.protobuf.StringValue\",\n"
        + "  \"value\": \"Hello\"\n"
        + "}", printer.print(anyMessage));
    assertRoundTripEquals(anyMessage, registry);
    anyMessage = Any.pack(BytesValue.newBuilder().setValue(
        ByteString.copyFrom(new byte[]{1, 2})).build());
    assertEquals(
        "{\n"
        + "  \"@type\": \"type.googleapis.com/google.protobuf.BytesValue\",\n"
        + "  \"value\": \"AQI=\"\n"
        + "}", printer.print(anyMessage));
    assertRoundTripEquals(anyMessage, registry);
    
    // 3. Timestamp in Any.
    anyMessage = Any.pack(TimeUtil.parseTimestamp("1969-12-31T23:59:59Z"));
    assertEquals(
        "{\n"
        + "  \"@type\": \"type.googleapis.com/google.protobuf.Timestamp\",\n"
        + "  \"value\": \"1969-12-31T23:59:59Z\"\n"
        + "}", printer.print(anyMessage));
    assertRoundTripEquals(anyMessage, registry);
    
    // 4. Duration in Any
    anyMessage = Any.pack(TimeUtil.parseDuration("12345.10s"));
    assertEquals(
        "{\n"
        + "  \"@type\": \"type.googleapis.com/google.protobuf.Duration\",\n"
        + "  \"value\": \"12345.100s\"\n"
        + "}", printer.print(anyMessage));
    assertRoundTripEquals(anyMessage, registry);

    // 5. FieldMask in Any
    anyMessage = Any.pack(FieldMaskUtil.fromString("foo.bar,baz"));
    assertEquals(
        "{\n"
        + "  \"@type\": \"type.googleapis.com/google.protobuf.FieldMask\",\n"
        + "  \"value\": \"foo.bar,baz\"\n"
        + "}", printer.print(anyMessage));
    assertRoundTripEquals(anyMessage, registry);

    // 6. Struct in Any
    Struct.Builder structBuilder = Struct.newBuilder();
    structBuilder.getMutableFields().put(
        "number", Value.newBuilder().setNumberValue(1.125).build());
    anyMessage = Any.pack(structBuilder.build());
    assertEquals(
        "{\n"
        + "  \"@type\": \"type.googleapis.com/google.protobuf.Struct\",\n"
        + "  \"value\": {\n"
        + "    \"number\": 1.125\n"
        + "  }\n"
        + "}", printer.print(anyMessage));
    assertRoundTripEquals(anyMessage, registry);
  }
  
  public void testParserMissingTypeUrl() throws Exception {
    try {
      Any.Builder builder = Any.newBuilder();
      mergeFromJson(
          "{\n"
          + "  \"optionalInt32\": 1234\n"
          + "}", builder);
      fail("Exception is expected.");
    } catch (IOException e) {
      // Expected.
    }
  }
  
  public void testParserUnexpectedTypeUrl() throws Exception {
    try {
      TestAllTypes.Builder builder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
      mergeFromJson(
          "{\n"
          + "  \"@type\": \"type.googleapis.com/json_test.TestAllTypes\",\n"
          + "  \"optionalInt32\": 12345\n"
          + "}", builder);
      fail("Exception is expected.");
    } catch (IOException e) {
      // Expected.
    } 
  }
  
  public void testParserRejectTrailingComma() throws Exception {
    try {
      TestAllTypes.Builder builder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
      mergeFromJson(
          "{\n"
          + "  \"optionalInt32\": 12345,\n"
          + "}", builder);
      fail("Exception is expected.");
    } catch (IOException e) {
      // Expected.
    }

    // TODO(xiaofeng): GSON allows trailing comma in arrays even after I set
    // the JsonReader to non-lenient mode. If we want to enforce strict JSON
    // compliance, we might want to switch to a different JSON parser or
    // implement one by ourselves.
    // try {
    //   TestAllTypes.Builder builder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
    //   JsonFormat.merge(
    //       "{\n"
    //       + "  \"repeatedInt32\": [12345,]\n"
    //       + "}", builder);
    //   fail("Exception is expected.");
    // } catch (IOException e) {
    //   // Expected.
    // }
  }
  
  public void testParserRejectInvalidBase64() throws Exception {
    try {
      TestAllTypes.Builder builder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
      mergeFromJson(
          "{\n"
          + "  \"optionalBytes\": \"!@#$\"\n"
          + "}", builder);
      fail("Exception is expected.");
    } catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException e) {
      // Expected.
    } 
  }
  
  public void testParserRejectInvalidEnumValue() throws Exception {
    try {
      TestAllTypes.Builder builder = TestAllTypes.newBuilder();
      mergeFromJson(
          "{\n"
          + "  \"optionalNestedEnum\": \"XXX\"\n"
          + "}", builder);
      fail("Exception is expected.");
    } catch (InvalidProtocolBufferException e) {
      // Expected.
    } 
  }
}
