New p3p algorithm (accepted by CVPR 2017) (#8301)

* add p3p source code

* indent 4

* update publication info

* fix filename

* interface done

* plug in done, test needed

* debugging

* for test

* a working version

* clean p3p code

* test

* test

* fix warning, blank line

* apply patch from @catree

* add reference info

* namespace, indent 4

* static solveQuartic

* put small functions to anonymous namespace

 - check boundary strictly
 - initialize the variable before using it

- Fix StereoBM ROI (Region of interest) selection for stereo
images used by block matching algorithm

The docstring for one of the Python sample programs includes a link to the research paper describing the main algorithm. That link is no longer valid (results in a 404 error) so this update replaces it with another link from the same institution which is currently valid.