* dnn: Add a Vulkan based backend

This commit adds a new backend "DNN_BACKEND_VKCOM" and a
new target "DNN_TARGET_VULKAN". VKCOM means vulkan based
computation library.

This backend uses Vulkan API and SPIR-V shaders to do
the inference computation for layers. The layer types
that implemented in DNN_BACKEND_VKCOM include:
Conv, Concat, ReLU, LRN, PriorBox, Softmax, MaxPooling,
AvePooling, Permute

This is just a beginning work for Vulkan in OpenCV DNN,
more layer types will be supported and performance
tuning is on the way.
Signed-off-by: Wu Zhiwen <zhiwen.wu@intel.com>

* dnn/vulkan: Add FindVulkan.cmake to detect Vulkan SDK

In order to build dnn with Vulkan support, need installing
Vulkan SDK and setting environment variable "VULKAN_SDK" and
add "-DWITH_VULKAN=ON" to cmake command.

You can download Vulkan SDK from:
https://vulkan.lunarg.com/sdk/home#linux

For how to install, see
https://vulkan.lunarg.com/doc/sdk/latest/linux/getting_started.html
https://vulkan.lunarg.com/doc/sdk/latest/windows/getting_started.html
https://vulkan.lunarg.com/doc/sdk/latest/mac/getting_started.html
respectively for linux, windows and mac.

To run the vulkan backend, also need installing mesa driver.
On Ubuntu, use this command 'sudo apt-get install mesa-vulkan-drivers'

To test, use command '$BUILD_DIR/bin/opencv_test_dnn --gtest_filter=*VkCom*'
Signed-off-by: Wu Zhiwen <zhiwen.wu@intel.com>

* dnn/Vulkan: dynamically load Vulkan runtime

No compile-time dependency on Vulkan library.
If Vulkan runtime is unavailable, fallback to CPU path.

Use environment "OPENCL_VULKAN_RUNTIME" to specify path to your
own vulkan runtime library.
Signed-off-by: Wu Zhiwen <zhiwen.wu@intel.com>

* dnn/Vulkan: Add a python script to compile GLSL shaders to SPIR-V shaders

The SPIR-V shaders are in format of text-based 32-bit hexadecimal
numbers, and inserted into .cpp files as unsigned int32 array.

* dnn/Vulkan: Put Vulkan headers into 3rdparty directory and some other fixes

Vulkan header files are copied from
https://github.com/KhronosGroup/Vulkan-Docs/tree/master/include/vulkan
to 3rdparty/include

Fix the Copyright declaration issue.

Refine OpenCVDetectVulkan.cmake

* dnn/Vulkan: Add vulkan backend tests into existing ones.

Also fixed some test failures.

- Don't use bool variable as uniform for shader
- Fix dispathed group number beyond max issue
- Bypass "group > 1" convolution. This should be support in future.

* dnn/Vulkan: Fix multiple initialization in one thread.

This fixes build on PowerPC where Eigen unsets vector, bool and pixel
Signed-off-by: Dinar Valeev <dvaleev@suse.com>

OpenCV Error: Unknown error code -6 (OpenCL function is not available: [clGetPlatformIDs]) in opencl_check_fn, file /home/ahb/software/opencv/modules/ocl/src/cl_runtime/cl_runtime.cpp, line 83

The issue results from modules/ocl/src/cl_runtime/cl_runtime.cpp checking for
"linux" instead of "__linux__" (cp.  http://sourceforge.net/p/predef/wiki/OperatingSystems/)

Adjust all other occurrences of "defined(linux)" as well.

_MSC_VER -> defined _MSC_VER. Fixes building with MinGW.
Similar to fbc91c5e.

folowing additional options: --enable-w32threads, --arch=i686 (for 32-bit
library, workaround for http://trac.ffmpeg.org/ticket/2363)

updated 3rd party libs: CLapack 3.1.1.1 => 3.2.1, zlib 1.2.3 => 1.2.5, libpng 1.2.x => 1.4.3, libtiff 3.7.x => 3.9.4. fixed many 64-bit related VS2010 warnings