fixes handling of empty matrices in some functions (#11634)

* a part of PR #11416 by Yuki Takehara

* moved the empty mat check in Mat::copyTo()

* fixed some test failures

* Added accumulator value to the output of HoughLines and HoughCircles

* imgproc: refactor Hough patch

- eliminate code duplication
- fix type handling, fix OpenCL code
- fix test data generation
- re-generated test data in debug mode via plain CPU code path

* Add a new interface for hough transform

* Fixed warning code

* Fix HoughLinesUsingSetOfPoints based on HoughLinesStandard

* Delete memset

* Rename HoughLinesUsingSetOfPoints and add common function

* Fix test error

* Change static function name

* Change using CV_Assert instead of if-block and add integer test case

* I solve the conflict and delete 'std :: tr1' and changed it to use 'tuple'

* I deleted std::tr1::get and changed int to use 'get'

* Fixed sample code

* revert test_main.cpp

* Delete sample code in comment and add snippets

* Change file name

* Delete static function

* Fixed build error

Hough many circles (#10232)

* Add Hui's optimization. Merge with latest changes in OpenCV.

* Use conditional compilation instead of a runtime flag.

* Whitespace.

* Create the sequence for the nonzero edge pixels only if using that approach.

* Improve performance for finding very large numbers of circles

* Return the circles with the larger accumulator values first, as per API documentation.
Use a separate step to check distance between circles. Allows circles to be sorted by strength first. Avoids locking in EstimateRadius which was slowing it down.
Return centers only if maxRadius == 0 as per API documentation.

* Sort the circles so results are deterministic. Otherwise the order of circles with the same strength depends on parallel processing completion order.

* Add test for HoughCircles.

* Add beads test.

* Wrap the non-zero points structure in a common interface so the code can use either a vector or a matrix.

* Remove the special case for skipping the radius search if maxRadius==0.

* Add performance tests.

* Use NULL instead of nullptr.
OpenCV should compile with C++98 compiler.

* Put test suite name first.
Use different test suite names for each test to avoid an error from the test runner.

* Address build bot errors and warnings.

* Skip radius search if maxRadius < 0.

* Dynamically switch to NZPointList when it will be faster than NZPointSet.

* Fix compile error: missing 'typename' prior to dependent type name.

* Fix compile error: missing 'typename' prior to dependent type name.
This time fix it the non C++ 11 way.

* Fix compile error: no type named 'const_reference' in 'class cv::NZPointList'

* Disable ManySmallCircles tests. Failing on Mac.

* Change beads image to JPEG for smaller file size.
Try enabling the ManySmallCircles tests again.

* Remove ManySmallCircles tests. They are failing on the Mac build.

* Fix expectations to check all circles.

* Changing case on a case-insensitive file system
Step 1: remove the old file names

* Changing case on a case-insensitive file system
Step 2: add them back with the new names

* Fix cmpAccum function to be strictly weak ordered.

* Add tests for many small circles.

* imgproc(perf): fix HoughCircles tests

* imgproc(houghCircles): refactor code

- simplify NZPointList
- drop broken (de-synchronization of 'current'/'mi' fields) NZPointSet iterator
- NZPointSet iterator is replaced to direct area scan
- use SIMD intrinsics
- avoid std exceptions (build for embedded systems)

HoughCircles rewritten (PR #7434 updated) (#10041)

* initial version of renewed HoughCircles done

* fixed compilation

* fixed SIMD ability & compilation warning

* fixed accumulator nonmax comparison

* common Mutex for all invokers

* nzLocal is std::vector

* nz is std::vector

* SSE2 -> SIMD128

* centers is now std::vector

* circles is std::vector

* estimateRadius updated

* accum calculation w/o mutex

* less deprecated code

* several bugs fixed

* back to mutex, TLS gathering doesn't work

* extra code removed

* little refactoring

* docs note updated

* a little speedup

* warning fixed

The non-maximum suppression in the Hough accumulator incorrectly ignores maxima that extend over more than one cell, i.e. two neighboring cells both have the same accumulator value. This maximum is dropped completely instead of picking at least one of the entries. This frequently results in obvious circles being missed.

The behavior is now changed to be the same as for hough_lines.

See also https://github.com/opencv/opencv/issues/4440

Updated integrations for:
cv::split
cv::merge
cv::insertChannel
cv::extractChannel
cv::Mat::convertTo - now with scaled conversions support
cv::LUT - disabled due to performance issues
Mat::copyTo
Mat::setTo
cv::flip
cv::copyMakeBorder - currently disabled
cv::polarToCart
cv::pow - ipp pow function was removed due to performance issues
cv::hal::magnitude32f/64f - disabled for <= SSE42, poor performance
cv::countNonZero
cv::minMaxIdx
cv::norm
cv::canny - new integration. Disabled for threaded;
cv::cornerHarris
cv::boxFilter
cv::bilateralFilter
cv::integral

IPP_VERSION_MAJOR * 100 + IPP_VERSION_MINOR*10 + IPP_VERSION_UPDATE
to manage changes between updates more easily.

IPP_DISABLE_BLOCK was added to ease tracking of disabled IPP functions;

- IPP is disabled by default when compiler is mingw (couldn't make it
work)
- fixed some warnings
- fixed some `__GNUC__` version checks (for correctness and convenience)
- removed UTF-8 BOM from hough.cpp (fixes #5253)

Removed check on limits.  A common use of HoughLines would be to restrict theta to be between a small negative number and a small positive number, e.g. -pi/16 to pi/16.  This wasn't possible with the previous checks.

Rewrite the note on HoughCircles documentation to make it more clear

Add note to clarify that the output vector of found circles is sorted by
descending order of centres accumulator values.

Also delete reductant lines on the HoughCircles documentation.

Added comments to hough circles function.

Added comments to icvhoughgradient

Misalignment in line 1183 corrected

Avoid phi exceed PI/2 to get the negative value of cos(phi).

IPP can be switched on and off on runtime;

Optional implementation collector was added (switched off by default in CMake). Gathers data of implementation used in functions and report this info through performance TS;

TS modifications for implementations control;

1. someMatrix.data -> someMatrix.prt()
2. someMatrix.data + someMatrix.step * lineIndex -> someMatrix.ptr( lineIndex )
3. (SomeType*) someMatrix.data -> someMatrix.ptr<SomeType>()
4. someMatrix.data -> !someMatrix.empty() ( or !someMatrix.data -> someMatrix.empty() ) in logical expressions

Conflicts:
	modules/core/include/opencv2/core/cuda.hpp
	modules/cudacodec/src/thread.cpp
	modules/cudacodec/src/thread.hpp
	modules/superres/perf/perf_superres.cpp
	modules/superres/src/btv_l1_cuda.cpp
	modules/superres/src/optical_flow.cpp
	modules/videostab/src/global_motion.cpp
	modules/videostab/src/inpainting.cpp
	samples/cpp/stitching_detailed.cpp
	samples/cpp/videostab.cpp
	samples/gpu/stereo_multi.cpp