Linux now supports Virtual Routing and Forwarding (VRF) as per:

https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/networking/vrf.txt

In order for an application to bind or connect to a socket with an
address in a VRF, they need to first bind the socket to the VRF device:

    setsockopt(sd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BINDTODEVICE, dev, strlen(dev)+1);

Note "dev" is the VRF device, eg. VRF "blue", rather than an interface
enslaved to the VRF.

Add a new socket option, ZMQ_BINDTODEVICE, to bind a socket to a device.
In general, if a socket is bound to a device, eg. an interface, only
packets received from that particular device are processed by the socket.

If device is a VRF device, then subsequent binds/connects to that socket
use addresses in the VRF routing table.

Solution:

* Document the new behaviour when generating 'ZMQ_POLLOUT' events
  for ZMQ_ROUTER sockets with 'ZMQ_ROUTER_MANDATORY' set to `1`
* Add clarifications for 'ZMQ_ROUTER' socket when
  'ZMQ_ROUTER_MANDATORY' is set to `1`

Problem: GSSAPI NAMETYPE options were not documented in man
pages for zmq_getsockopt() and zmq_setsockopt().

Solution: add new options to these manual pages.

Solution: add paragraphs to zmq_get/setsockopt man pages

Solution: add manpage

This addresses #2169.

Solution:
- Update formatting and remove redundant parts from ZMQ_PROBE_ROUTER,
ZMQ_USE_FD, ZMQ_TCP_MAXRT, ZMQ_TCP_TOS
- Only cosmetic changes to the content
- These changes already merged on api.zeromq.org by me

Problem: when using ZMQ_REQ_RELAXED + ZMQ_REQ_CORRELATE and two 'send' are
executed in a row and no server is available at the time of the sends,
then the internal request_id used to identify messages gets corrupted and
the two messages end up with the same request_id. The correlation no
longer works in that case and you may end up with the wrong message.

Solution: make a copy of the request_id instance member before sending it
down the pipe.

These options are confusing and redundant. Their names suggest
they apply to the tcp:// transport, yet they are used for all
stream protocols. The methods zmq::set_tcp_receive_buffer and
zmq::set_tcp_send_buffer don't use these values at all, they use
ZMQ_SNDBUF and ZMQ_RCVBUF.

Solution: merge these new options into ZMQ_SNDBUF and ZMQ_RCVBUF.

This means defaulting these two options to 8192, and removing the
new options. We now have ZMQ_SNDBUF and ZMQ_RCVBUF being used both
for TCP socket control, and for input/output buffering.

Note: the default for SNDBUF and RCVBUF are otherwise 4096.

This option has a few issues. The name is long and clumsy. The
functonality is not smooth: one must set both this and
ZMQ_XPUB_VERBOSE at the same time, or things will break mysteriously.

Solution: rename to ZMQ_XPUB_VERBOSER and make an atomic option.

That is, implicitly does ZMQ_XPUB_VERBOSE.

Solution: rename to ZMQ_MAXRT

This is the option name used on Windows, so easier to use and
remember.

Solution: rename socket option (and variables and files) from usefd
to use_fd.

Solution: rename socket option (and variables and files) from
pre_allocated_fd to usefd.

Solution: add new [set|get]sockopt ZMQ_PRE_ALLOCATED_FD to allow
users to let ZMQ use a pre-allocated file descriptor instead of
allocating a new one. Update [set|get]sockopt documentation and
test accordingly.

The main use case for this feature is a socket-activated systemd
service. For more information about this feature see:
http://0pointer.de/blog/projects/socket-activation.html

Solution: Replace with `zmq_ctx_term`

VMCI transport allows fast communication between the Host
and a virtual machine, between virtual machines on the same host,
and within a virtual machine (like IPC).

It requires VMware to be installed on the host and Guest Additions
to be installed on a guest.

Fixes #1646

Solution: fix documentation

Solution: change option behaviour and adopt documentation

Fixes not receiving unsubscription messages in XPUB socket with
ZMQ_XPUB_VERBOSE and using a XSUB-XPUB proxy in front.

This adds two modifications:

- It adds a new flag, ZMQ_XPUB_VERBOSE_UNSUBSCRIBE, to enable verbose
  unsubscription messages, necessary when using a XSUB/XPUB proxy.

- It adds a boolean switch to zmq::mtrie_t::rm () to control if the
  callback is invoked every time or only in the last removal. Necessary
  when a pipe is terminated and the verbose mode for unsubscriptions is
  enabled.

Set the ZMQ_HEARTBEAT_TIMEOUT to default to the value of
ZMQ_HEARTBEAT_IVL if it's not explicitly set.
Change the units of ZMQ_HEARTBEAT_TTL to milliseconds in the API
and round down to the nearest decisecond so that all the options
are using the same units.
Make the maximum heartbeat TTL match the spec (6553 seconds)

Pull request #1426 now allow for changing the watermark
after and connect() or a bind(). This patch reflect the
change in the documentation.

Also closes #1416.

#1287