Enable some useful Clang warnings, fix some bugs it detected.  Especially, eliminate all dynamic initializers.

Mark every destructor "noexcept(false)" unless it is very clearly noexcept.  The change in C++11 making destructors default-noexcept was a mistake.

Add mechanism for catching exceptions that has limited use even with -fno-exceptions, as well as a mechanism to detect when a destructor is called during unwind and to avoid throwing in these situations.